Answer these using internet.
Note: URL should be placed at the last part of each answers. Answers should be posted in your own blog. Meaning you have to create your own blog and add knowieclose1028@yahoo.com as author. Thank u. Worth 100 points and should be complied up to Friday night February 18, 2011.
1. Where did the name France came from?
Ans.=The name France comes from Latin Francia, which literally means "land of the Franks". Originally it applied to the whole Frankish Empire, extending from southern France to eastern Germany.(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Name_of_France#Meanings_of_the_name_France).
2. What is absolute monarchy? Tell how it ended as a system of government in France?
Ans.=Absolute monarchy is a monarchical form of government where the monarch exercises ultimate governing authority as head of state and head of government, thus wielding political power over the sovereign state and its subject peoples. In an absolute monarchy, the transmission of power is twofold; hereditary and marital. As absolute governor, the monarch’s authority is not legally bound or restricted by a constitution as in a limited monarchy.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Absolute_monarchy)
It collapse in the once dominant system of detested absolute monarchy. Both cases were the result of land-grabbing and colonizing attempts that finally led to extensive warfare. With the wars raging at the behest of absolutist rulers in each country, the citizenry was becoming increasingly disenchanted with higher taxes and less benefits for the non-aristocratic, thus leading to peasant and middle-class attacks on these already war-weakened and near-crippled institutions. With this double-assault of weakened power structures due to ongoing and expensive wars over territory and the increase in citizen displeasure, the fall of both Louis XIV’s monarchy in France and Nicholas’ equally absolutist regime in Russia seems inevitable.(http://www.articlemyriad.com/95.htm)
3. Tell something about the following leaders in France ( their role, achievements, accomplishments)
a. King Louis XIII
Ans.=Louis XIII (27 September 1601 – 14 May 1643) was King of France and Navarre from 1610 to 1643. Along with his First Minister Cardinal Richelieu, Louis "the Just" is remembered for the establishment of the Académie française and participation in the Thirty Years' War against the House of Habsburg.^[1] France's greatest victory in the war came at the Battle of Rocroi, five days after Louis' death—apparently from complications of intestinal tuberculosis, "marking the end of Spain's military ascendancy in Europe."(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/King_Louis_XIII).
b. King Louis XIV
Ans.=Louis XIV (5 September 1638 – 1 September 1715), known as the Sun King (French: le Roi Soleil), was King of France and of Navarre.^[1] His reign, from 1643 to his death in 1715, began at the age of four and lasted seventy-two years, three months, and eighteen days, and is the longest documented reign of any European monarch.(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_XIV_of_France).
c. Cardinal Richelieu
Ans.=Cardinal Richelieu is a 1935 American historical film directed by Rowland V. Lee and starring George Arliss, Maureen O'Sullivan, Edward Arnold and Cesar Romero.^[1] It was based on the 1839 play Richelieu by Edward Bulwey-Lytton depicting the life of the great seventeenth century French statesman Cardinal Richelieu and his dealings with Louis XIII as adviser.
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cardinal_Richelieu_%28film%29).
d. Mazarin
Ans.=Jules Mazarin ; July 14, 1602 – March 9, 1661), born Giulio Raimondo Mazarino or Mazarini,^[1] was a French-Italian^[2] cardinal, diplomat, and politician, who served as the chief minister of France from 1642 until his death. Mazarin succeeded his mentor, Cardinal Richelieu. He was a noted collector of art and jewels, particularly diamonds, and he bequeathed the "Mazarin diamonds" to Louis XIV in 1661, some of which remain in the collection of the Louvre museum in Paris.^[3] His personal library was the origin of the Bibliothèque Mazarine in Paris.(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mazarin).
4. What is a General Estates in France? What is its composition? Describe each.
Ans.=Feudal society was traditionally divided into three "estates" (roughly equivalent to social classes). The "First Estate" was the Church (clergy = those who prayed).
The "Second Estate" was the Nobility (those who fought = knights). It was common for aristocrats to enter the Church and thus shift from the second to the first estate.
The "Third Estate" was the Peasantry (everyone else, at least under feudalism: those who produced the food which supported those who prayed and those who fought, the members of the First and Second Estates).(http://cla.calpoly.edu/~dschwart/engl430/estates.html)
5. Tell something about the following events in the history of France:
1. Hundred Years War
=The Hundred Years' War, a conflict between England and France, was not actually a single war that lasted a hundred years; instead it was a series of wars interspersed with periods of peace that began in 1337 and ended in 1453. The three main conflicts were the Edwardian War (1340–60), won by English king Edward III (1312–1377); the Caroline War (1369–89), won by French king Charles V (1337–1380); and the Lancastrian War (1415–35), won by French king Charles VII (1403–1461). The Hundred Years' War was the outcome of disputes between the ruling families of the two countries, the Plantagenets in England and the Capetians in France. Since 1066 the English had controlled rich agricultural areas of France, and the two countries had often fought over these territories. In the 1300s marriages between English and French nobles meant that both English and French kings had a claim to the...(http://www.enotes.com/history-fact-finder/war-conflict-pre-twentieth-century/what-was-hundred-years-war).
2. Thirty Years War
=The Thirty Years' War was fought, mainly in Central Europe, from 1618-1648. The Habsburg monarchy tried to gain hegemony in Europe and impose Roman Catholicism on the Protestant states. It developed into a much wider European conflict.(http://wiki.answers.com/Q/What_was_the_Thirty_Years%27_War&alreadyAsked=1&rtitle=What_was_one_of_the_Thirty_Years_War).
3. War of Spanish Successions
= Conflict arising from the disputed succession to the throne of Spain after the death of the childless Charles II. The Habsburg Charles had named the Bourbon Philip, duke d'Anjou, as his successor; when Philip took the Spanish throne as Philip V, his grandfather Louis XIV invaded the Spanish Netherlands. The former anti-French alliance from the War of the Grand Alliance was revived in 1701 by Britain, the Dutch Republic, and the Holy Roman emperor, who had been promised parts of the Spanish empire by earlier treaties of partition (1698, 1699). The English forces, led by the duke of Marlborough, won a series of victories over France (1704 – 09), including the Battle of Blenheim, which forced the French out of the Low Countries and Italy. The imperial general, Eugene of Savoy, also won notable victories. In 1711 conflicts within the alliance led to its collapse, and peace negotiations began in 1712. The war concluded with the Peace of Utrecht (1713), which marked the rise of the power of Britain at the expense of both France and Spain, and the Treaties of Rastatt and Baden (1714).(http://www.answers.com/topic/war-of-the-spanish-succession).
4. French Revolution
=The French Revolution covers the period between 14 July 1789 with the Storming of the Bastille and the coup by Napoleon and the French Consulate ten years later on 10 November 1799.(http://wiki.answers.com/Q/What_was_the_French_Revolution&alreadyAsked=1&rtitle=What_was_the_french_revdution).